Garden strawberries, or strawberries, as gardeners call it, have been cultivated around the world since the 18th century. The first variety of this popular berry was bred as a result of crossing two plants: Virgin and Chilean wild strawberries. The berries of the hybrid were larger than the berries of wild strawberries, so the new plant quickly spread to Europe and Asia.
Three subgroups of varieties of garden strawberries (wild strawberries)
Today in the world there are more than 4,000 varieties of strawberries. The best of them have a high yield, are resistant to fungal diseases and are adapted to difficult climatic conditions. Breeders bred plants with increased frost resistance.
Strawberry varieties are divided into three large subgroups:
· Varieties of single fruiting;
· Repairing varieties;
· Varieties of "neutral day".
Plants from the group of single fruiting are the most unpretentious, but give one crop per season. The mass of berries is from 30 g to 120 g, depending on the variety. From one adult bush, you can collect from 800 g to 2 kg of berries.
Repairing varieties are most common in Asian countries. These varieties bear fruit twice a season.
Varieties of "neutral day" are most popular in countries with warm climates. The mass of berries reaches 80 g, but fruiting lasts from late May to late September, and in some varieties - year-round. Strawberry "neutral day" is very demanding on soil composition and climatic conditions.
In Russia, strawberry varieties of single fruiting, bred in Europe and Japan, are widespread. They give a good harvest of tasty and large berries in the summer and can withstand severe frosts in the winter.
The best varieties of German selection
The best strawberry varieties of German selection include the Kamrad Winner variety. It belongs to the subgroup of single fruiting. The variety is medium early, the yield from one bush is 800 g, the mass of berries is 40-80 g. Strawberries are sweet, bright red. The bush forms a lot of mustaches, so it is often necessary to trim them.
The best varieties of strawberries: photo varieties "Kamrad winner"
The advantage of the variety is high frost resistance. It is perfect for growing in central Russia. In the first year after planting, it forms two peduncles, on each of which up to 10 buds bloom, in the second year there can be six such peduncles.
Unlike other strawberry varieties that produce a good crop for three to five years, and then the quality of the berries deteriorates, the Kamrad winner can grow in one place for eight consecutive years without losing yield.
"Humi grande" is another strawberry variety that will take its rightful place on your site. The bush is medium-sized, spreading, berries weighing from 35 to 60 g. A distinctive feature of the variety is early maturity. Berries ripen among the first among large-fruited varieties. Their taste is sweet and sour. The shape is irregular, slightly flattened from below. Strawberry was bred for cultivation on personal plots, therefore, it does not have high transportability.
Strawberry "Humi Grande" photo
Fruiting is stretched in time. From one bush you can collect up to 2 kg of strawberries. Many fruits are deformed, and there are double berries. Peduncles under the weight of large berries lie on the ground, so it is very important to harvest the crop in a timely manner. It is advisable to grow this variety on covering material.
Overview of the best varieties of strawberries of the Spanish selection
Strawberry variety "Tudla" photo
The Tudla strawberry variety in Spain is the most commercial. The average weight of the berry is 100 g. The strawberries are dark cherry in color, regular in shape, very transportable and withstand long-term transportation. Due to its properties, it is ideal for freezing, as it does not lose its shape and taste.
"Juan" is another variety of Spanish selection that is worth paying attention to. The berries are light red in color. From one bush you can collect up to 1.5 kg of strawberries. Fruiting is stretched in time.
Photo of strawberries of the Juan variety
A distinctive feature of the variety - it is bred for cultivation in any climatic conditions. The plant has high frost resistance and resistance to high temperatures, does not like stagnation of water.
Already in the first year after planting, the plant will delight you with a plentiful harvest. In one place, the variety can grow up to six years, while the quality of the berries does not deteriorate.
Varieties of garden strawberries English breeding
"Lord" is a strawberry variety that has established itself well in central Russia and in cold climates. The ripening period of berries is late, from one bush you can collect up to 2 kg of strawberries, the mass of berries is 45-60 g, the taste is sweet, the flesh is dense.
The best varieties of strawberries: photo varieties "Lord"
The plant is resistant to fungal and viral diseases, the berries are practically not affected by pests. Bushes give few mustaches: one plant - two or three shoots. Thanks to this, the plantation does not overgrow, and because of the high survival rate of outlets, the variety is very easy to propagate.
A new promising high-yielding variety of strawberries of English selection - "Great Britain". The ripening period of strawberries is late. The mass of berries is 80-120 g. The variety is appreciated for excellent taste. Large berries of dark cherry color resemble forest strawberries to taste, the flesh is dense and juicy.
Photo berries of wild strawberry garden variety "United Kingdom"
The bush is powerful, forms strong peduncles and has large carved leaves of dark green color. Rosettes of the plant are well rooted, but the number of mustaches is small.
Varieties of Dutch selection
One of the best strawberry varieties is Maxim Gigantella. This is a Dutch selection. The average weight of berries is 70 g, the mass of the first berries can reach 120 g. Fruiting is stretched over time.
Strawberries do not lose their taste during long-term storage and after deep freezing, and are also great for conservation. After heat treatment, the strawberries remain intact.
Photo strawberries "Gigantella Maxim"
Plants of this variety have high frost resistance and are suitable for growing in cold climates. Grade "Gigantella Maxim" unpretentious to the composition of the soil and gives a good harvest on loam.
The color of the leaves is bright, almost light green. The bush is tall. The annual plant reaches a height of 50 cm and a diameter of 60 cm. Unlike other varieties of garden strawberries, Gigantella Maxim is a very lush plant with corrugated leaves.
The Dutch variety "Primella" is appreciated for its portability, unusual taste and aroma. The bright red strawberry smells like wild strawberries, and there are notes of pineapple in its taste. The mass of berries is 65-100 g. The variety is mid-early, fruiting for about a month.
Photo varieties "Primella"
Plants are drought tolerant and not susceptible to spotting. The variety is suitable for cultivation both in the southern and northern regions of Russia. It takes root on any soil, excluding strongly acidified soils.
The best varieties of strawberries from Japan
The Tsunaki strawberry variety, new to the CIS countries, was imported from Japan relatively recently. A distinctive feature of the variety is a rather long ripening of berries, but even at the first signs of ripeness they become very sweet. Due to its high sugar content, strawberries are great for making jam and jam.
Ripening period is late. The mass of berries is 100-120 g, from one bush you can collect up to 2 kg of the crop at the first fruiting. At the second fruiting round fruits of the correct form are formed. Plants of this variety need fertile soil with a high content of humus and potassium-containing substances. The bushes are frost-resistant, so they winter well in cold climates.
The Chamorora Turusi variety has proven itself in a warm climate. It features a long fruiting period, which begins in July.
Strawberry variety "Chamora Turusi"
In a warm climate, the yield is up to 3 kg per bush, and in central Russia it drops to 1.5 kg. The weight of the berry is 80-110 g, the taste is sweet with a touch of wild strawberries. The pulp is dense, strawberry tolerates transportation. The variety is late.
Plants need careful care at the initial stage of growth. A large amount of phosphorus and potash fertilizers is applied to the soil. The bush is sprawling, in the first year it forms one peduncle with several berries. In the third year after planting, the number of peduncles increases to 8-12.
